How many carbon atoms are present in lactic acid?

Lactic acid, which has the chemical formula C3H6O3, contains three carbon atoms. This compound is produced during anaerobic respiration when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen, such as during strenuous exercise. The correct understanding of lactic acid's structure is essential in metabolic pathways, particularly in processes like fermentation, where it plays a critical role in energy production when oxygen levels are low. The number of carbon atoms is key to identifying the compound and understanding its function and role within cellular respiration.