What process leads to NAD+ being converted into NADH during glycolysis?

The conversion of NAD+ into NADH during glycolysis occurs when NAD+ accepts electrons. This process is a type of reduction, where NAD+ gains electrons (and typically a proton) to form NADH. Glycolysis involves the breakdown of glucose, and during this process, specific reactions involve the transfer of electrons. One crucial reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, where a molecule of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized, transferring electrons to NAD+, which is reduced to NADH.

This reaction is fundamental to glycolysis as it helps to capture energy from the breakdown of glucose, ensuring that the energy can be utilized later in cellular respiration. In summary, the increase in NADH from NAD+ reflects the reduction process facilitated by the attachment of electrons during glycolysis.