Which product is NOT a result of lactic acid fermentation?

Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, primarily in muscle cells during intense exercise, as well as in certain bacteria and fungi. This process begins with glycolysis, which breaks down glucose into pyruvate, and in the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is then converted into lactic acid.

The products of lactic acid fermentation specifically include lactic acid and ATP. During this process, glucose is partially oxidized, which allows for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Water, while not a main product of lactic acid fermentation, can be involved in various cellular processes surrounding fermentation and respiration; however, it is not a direct product of the fermentation pathway itself.

Carbon dioxide is produced in alcoholic fermentation, not lactic acid fermentation. Thus, the correct choice indicates that carbon dioxide is not produced during the lactic acid fermentation process. This distinction is important in understanding the differences between various pathways of anaerobic respiration.